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CAMPANILE DI SAN CARLO

Alessio and Francesco Guardini Fiumalbi

In this paper we will discuss the discovery of a small SMARTARC. Speaking of "discovery" is not really correct because we have not found anything "unknown". It 's more correct to speak of "re-discovery" of something that was known for various reasons and that he's lost his memory almost completely. Armed with the map (0) and GPS we venture into a valley north of the city, finding a structure that many thought was lost: the "Sources of St. Charles."

As we saw in the previous article "GEOGRAPHY OF FATE" , water supply in the city of San Miniato has always as a problem not easily solved. The nineteenth century was a period of small to large engineering projects with the creation of public fountains and cisterns, as should the construction of the La Scala Opera at the top of the hill (1). However, this difficulty was also felt in the past centuries, especially at the turn of the '300 when the city of San Miniato had its greatest expansion coming to a number of population 3000-4000 (2). The number of inhabitants has almost the same as what the city will reach its 800. As it is reasonable to say, water supplies could not be based entirely on the use of wells and tanks, structures relatively complex and beyond the economic reach of the vast majority of the population, which was supplied through natural sources. There were in fact at least three sources: the sources from Fate, the sources Pancole and Sources of St. Charles. The first two are more or less enough notes, unlike the third that we have been able to verify, it is almost completely unknown.

These three structures are located so as to cover virtually the entire city. Pancole Terziere of the ancient Poggighisi (to understand the part near the hospital), sources close to the Fate of the Third Castelvecchio (more or less coinciding with the fortified town) and Sources of San Carlo for the third Fuordiporta (in the direction of Castelvecchio Hills).

I Terzieri and Sources

plan Francesco Fiumalbi

Le Fonti di San Carlo is located in the valley between the area known as San Martino and the Poggio di Cecio. There will come easy. To reach them you have to take a path from the ancient Via Carducci, just outside the ancient port of Sir Rudolph, down to the valley. Historically this route took the name "Lane Ridolfo di Ser "(3). The road, as shown by plats of public ownership, is in bad condition, now overgrown with vegetation. In fact, some portions of this trail are long gone so it is not easy to reconstruct the original route.

From Where does the name "St. Charles"?

There are no news about this documentary, but it is reasonable to think that the name derives from the road, at the top of the hill, close to the valley to the east and is entitled to San Carlo. This road connects the current path of the tank and Via Guicciardini and is represented in his "Plan of the City of San Miniato" Horace Turrell, 1865 (4). Hence, perhaps, a path that led to the Sources. Of course this is no trace today, although we hear of an alley called "Vicolo della Cisterna Carbonaro" coming down the street from the tank just in that area (5). It is almost impossible to date precisely define the layout of these streets.

Le Fonti San Carlo

plan Francesco Fiumalbi

In 1776, in the description of the "Road Network Comunitate" (6) the mention of a tank at the "lawn of St. Charles." It is unclear whether it refers to the structure located in Piazza della Cisterna, or the reservoir to collect water source for San Carlo.

In 1847 the project had been prepared for the tank, then realized in the following years at the church of SS. Annunziata, commonly called "Nunziatina. It 'very probable that with the construction of this large structure the use of sources is finally failed.

However in 1861 the reliefs were placed sources Pancole, Fairies and San Carlo in order to restore the structures and make them more functional in order to prevent the construction of new tanks and allocating a large sum of 700.00 lire (7). Maintenance work of which, however, we do not know the outcome.

After World War II Sources had to be a place already abandoned. Adults forbade the boys to join them as a place abandoned and unsafe for this (8).

The Sources of St. Charles today

Photo by Alessio and Francesco Guardini Fiumalbi

Le Fonti di San Carlo, like the other two above, are actually a natural spring, whose water was collected in tanks / tanks and from there distributed through various outlets, and this takes the plural term of "Sources."

Unfortunately it is not possible to reconstruct the original layout of the facility: the slope of the hill has collapsed into the valley, taking with him part of the masonry. The manufactured housing had to be very similar to that of the source to Fate. From the source real water was channeled and collected in special settling tanks and from there brought out through a series of nozzles.

When they built the Sources of St. Charles? It 's impossible to formulate a precise date, but the brick used in construction appear to be quite similar to those of two other sources and then you may think that they date to the same age, then at the turn of the thirteenth and fourteenth century, though not interventions can be excluded at later dates.

The natural source

Photo by Alessio and Francesco Guardini Fiumalbi

As is evident from the photographs the Sources of St. Charles in a state of complete abandonment. It is now overrun by vegetation and the building has serious structural failures due to failure of the underlying soil. Are clearly visible lesions in the wall and only a timely restoration and consolidation could avoid the final collapse, with serious damage for the loss of an important historical record.

One of the tanks supply

Photos of Alessio and Francesco Guardini Fiumalbi

The forest now surrounds the Sources of St. Charles helps create the atmosphere of a desolate area. This property is very near the village, just 40 meters as the crow flies behind the Palazzo Grifoni and plats is to be publicly owned, at least until 1939. Then the mapping is not entirely illuminating. Possible that nobody has ever bothered to keep this building?

Since the photos do not do justice to this , we propose a short video of the single image that best describes the real conditions of the Springs.

Video Alessio and Francesco Guardini Fiumalbi

References:
( 0) The map used for the research was kindly provided by the Carbonari Moti - find your way.

(1) Fiordispina Delio, Manuela Paredes, sinks, fountains, cisterns and aqueducts, FM Publishing, San Miniato, 2010.

(2) Ginatempo-Sandri, Italy cities. The urban population of the Middle Ages and Renaissance (XIII-XVI), Florence, Le Lettere, 1990, pp. 107-110, in Salvestrini Francis The Eagle's Nest, in Malvolti-Pinto (ed.), The Lower Valdarno land border in the Middle Ages (XI-XV centuries) , Olschki, Florence, 2008, p. .265.

(3) Christian Texts Maria Laura, "San Miniato al German, and Bertolli brands, Florence, 1967, pp. 104-105.

(4) Ibid., pp. 145-147.

(5) Ibid., Pp. 104-105.

(6) Fiordispina, Paredes, Op Cit. , pp. 12-13

(7) Municipal Archive of San Miniato, Resolution No. 57, September 18, 1861, and in Fiordispina Paredes, Op Cit. , p.. 19.

(8) News comunicataci orally Malvezzi sisters, born, raised and still resident in Via Carducci. Mrs. Franca Calvani also recalls having heard of the Sources of St. Charles, but do not ever go there because it was considered a place abandoned and dangerous.